29 August 2016

A New Window to Understanding the Brain

Scientists in recent years have made great strides in the quest to understand the brain by using implanted probes to explore how specific neural circuits work. Though effective, those probes also come with their share of problems as a result of rigidity. The inflammation they produce induces chronic recording instability and means probes must be relocated every few days, leaving some of the central questions of neuroscience – like how the neural circuits are reorganized during development, learning and aging- beyond scientists’ reach. A team of researchers from the Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology has demonstrated that syringe-injectable mesh electronics can stably record neural activity in mice for eight months or more, with none of the inflammation produced by traditional implanted probes.
 

They demonstrated that the syringe-injectable mesh electronics could be used to deliver electrical stimulation to the brain over three months or more. The possibilities, however, don’t end there. Because traditional rigid implanted probes are invariably unstable, he explained, researchers and clinicians rely on decoding what they call the “population average” – essentially taking a host of neural signals and applying complex computational tools to determine what they mean. Using tissue-like mesh electronics, by comparison, researchers may be able to read signals from specific neurons over time, potentially allowing for the development of improved brain-machine interfaces for prosthetics.

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