Cyborg Cockroach Swarms Go Underwater

Researchers from Nanyang Technological University in Singapore and Waseda University have developed remote-controlled cyborg cockroaches that can now operate underwater by wearing miniature 3D-printed diving suits. The lightweight system generates oxygen through a chemical reaction and delivers it directly to the insects' breathing openings, allowing them to survive and move underwater for up to three hours without impairing their natural mobility. The technology builds on previous work that enabled researchers to steer swarms of cockroaches remotely using tiny electronic implants.

The amphibious cyborg insects are designed to support search-and-rescue missions in environments inaccessible to conventional robots, such as flooded buildings, collapsed tunnels, drains, and other confined spaces. Because the insects rely on their own muscles for movement, they require far less energy than similarly sized robots while remaining highly agile. The research team also envisions future applications in infrastructure inspection and, eventually, exploration of extreme environments, including planetary missions where lightweight, energy-efficient biohybrid systems could offer significant advantages.

More information:

https://www.newscientist.com/article/2531894-remote-controlled-cockroach-swarm-can-now-breathe-underwater/

BlueME Enables Long-Range Underwater Robot Communication

Researchers at the University of Florida have developed BlueME, a novel underwater communication system that enables marine robots to exchange data directly over distances exceeding 700 meters without needing to surface. The technology is based on compact magnetoelectric antennas, which use very-low-frequency electromagnetic signals to transmit information through water more efficiently than traditional acoustic or optical communication methods. This capability allows autonomous underwater vehicles to coordinate missions, share sensor data, and make collective decisions in real time while remaining submerged.

The breakthrough could significantly enhance applications such as ocean exploration, environmental monitoring, infrastructure inspection, and search-and-rescue operations. Unlike conventional underwater communication systems that often suffer from limited range, high power consumption, or environmental interference, BlueME operates with relatively low energy requirements while maintaining reliable robot-to-robot connectivity. The research team has already demonstrated a working prototype and is seeking further funding to advance the technology toward larger-scale deployment in marine robotic networks.

More information:

https://news.ufl.edu/2026/05/marine-robot-communication/

Underwater Drones Aim to Rescue Dying Coral Reefs

Researchers and conservationists are developing autonomous underwater robots to help restore the world’s rapidly declining coral reefs, where traditional restoration methods have struggled to keep pace with climate-driven bleaching events. The technology includes robotic coral planters, AI-powered mapping systems, and automated monitoring vehicles that can identify ideal planting sites and deploy coral seedlings far faster and more cheaply than human divers. One prototype, called the Deployment Guidance System, can plant coral in under a second and could eventually deploy up to a million seedlings at a cost of about $1 each.

Scientists say robotics could transform coral restoration into a large-scale industrial effort, but they caution that technology alone cannot solve the crisis. Researchers are also using robotic systems to identify heat-resistant coral strains capable of surviving warming oceans, while fleets of autonomous drones and underwater vehicles may soon monitor reef health continuously. Despite the promise of automation, experts stress that long-term reef survival still depends on addressing climate change, pollution, and community engagement alongside technological innovation.

More information:

https://www.smithsonianmag.com/innovation/could-underwater-autonomous-robots-save-coral-reefs-180988626/

Underwater Robot Tracks Whale Communication in Real Time

Scientists have developed a new autonomous underwater robot capable of tracking sperm whale communication in real time, marking a major advance in marine research. The system, created by Project CETI, uses a glider equipped with hydrophones to detect the whales’ distinctive clicking sounds, known as codas, and automatically steer toward them. Unlike traditional tracking methods such as suction tags or fixed sensors the robot can make decisions underwater as events unfold, allowing it to follow individual whales or groups continuously for extended periods, potentially lasting months.

This breakthrough enables researchers to study whale behaviour, social interactions, and communication patterns with unprecedented detail, including how calves learn vocalizations and how whales respond to human-generated noise. The data gathered could inform more effective conservation strategies, such as adjusting shipping routes or fishing practices to reduce disruption. While challenges remain, the technology represents a significant step toward understanding complex marine life communication and improving protection of ocean ecosystems.

More information:

https://www.reuters.com/business/environment/underwater-robot-tracks-sperm-whale-conversations-real-time-2026-05-01/

Underwater Robot Scoots Above Seafloor

Different underwater robots have been trialed over the years, but many have struggled with performing near-seabed observations because they disturb the local seabed by destroying coral and disrupting the sediment. Researchers from Harbin Engineering University in China, have recently developed a maneuverable underwater vehicle that is better suited to seabed operations because it doesn’t disturb the local environment by floating above the seabed and possessing a specially engineering propeller system to maneuver. These robots could be used to better protect the seabed while studying it, and improve efforts to preserve marine biodiversity and explore for underwater resources such as minerals for EV batteries. Many underwater robots are wheeled or legged, but these robots face substantial challenges in rugged terrains where obstacles and slopes can impede their functionality but can also damage coral reefs.

Existing options disturb the sediment on the seabed because their thrusters create a downward current during ascension. The waves generated as the propeller’s wake directly hit the seafloor in most floating robots, which causes sediment to move in the immediate vicinity. In a similar way the particles moving through the water can obscure the view of the cameras on the robot and reduce the quality of the images it captures. After further investigation, researchers found that the robot’s shape influences the local water resistance, or drag, even at low speeds. This led to developing a robot with a flattened body and angling the thruster relative to the central axis.  The researchers created a navigational system where the thrusters generate a combined force that slants downwards but still allows the robot to ascend, changing the wake distribution during ascent so that it doesn’t disturb the sediment on the seafloor.

More information:

https://spectrum.ieee.org/underwater-robotics