Biomarkers are defined as a measurable indicator which is used to identify diseases. Additionally, they are used for evaluation of the most effective therapeutic regime for particular or drug target identification. In the field of neuroscience, biomarker plays an essential role in the identification of several neurological disorders and abnormalities. Biomarkers, be they genetic traits, biochemical changes or alterations in structural or functional features, are required to help the diagnosis of a variety of neurological disorders and to detect the progression of these diseases. As new medicines and therapeutic strategies are developed, biomarkers will also be required to measure the efficacy of these treatments. The importance of biomarkers in this field should not be underestimated, particularly considering the huge social and economic burden presently attributed to these diseases.
The human brain is the most complex biological organ in the living world. However, as with all living things we are not invincible and we remain susceptible to a host of medical disorders, some of which are related to the malfunction of our brains. Examples of common neurological illnesses include stroke, motor neuron disease (MND), Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and other dementias, Parkinson’s disease (PD) and Huntington’s disease (HD). Ideally, each of these conditions would have to exhibit a unique pathology to allow clinicians to distinguish particular conditions and give a reliable diagnosis and treatment. In reality, however, many neurodegenerative diseases share similar symptoms and features and the task of diagnosis is often challenging. Therefore, much research has been undertaken to explore both the clinical features and the molecular mechanisms that cause these illnesses in order to identify characteristics to aid diagnosis.
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https://healthcarebiotechinnovation.wordpress.com/2021/02/05/biomarkers-for-brain-disorders/